The author and the text:
William Cowper (1731-1800) was one of the most popular poets of his time. Cowper changed the direction of 18th-century nature poetry by writing about the English countryside and the everyday lives of people. His famous works include Olney Hymns and The Task. The poem takes us into the private world of a snail, where it is seen to lead a self-sufficient life. We are allowed to observe, in minute detail, the small yet self-contained world in which a snail lives.Â
āĻāĻāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻāĻĒāĻžāϰ (ā§§ā§ā§Šā§§-ā§§ā§Žā§Ļā§Ļ) āϤāĻžāĻāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύā§āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻāύāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻŋ āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύāĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻĒāĻžāϰ āĻ
āώā§āĻāĻžāĻĻāĻļ āĻļāϤāĻžāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ
āĻāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāύ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ āĻāĻāϞā§āϝāĻžāĻŖā§āĻĄā§āϰ āĻā§āϰāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻā§āĻāϞā§āϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŽāĻžāύā§āώā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύā§āϰ āĻā§āĻŦāύ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āϞāĻŋāĻā§āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻžāϤ āϰāĻāύāĻžāĻā§āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§ āĻāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻŽāύāϏ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻžāϏā§āĻāĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻļāĻžāĻŽā§āĻā§āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĻāϤ āĻāĻāϤ⧠āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āϝā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻāĻāĻŋ āϏā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāϰā§āĻāϰ āĻā§āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āĻ āĻŽāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻĻā§ āĻĒāϰā§āϝāĻŦā§āĻā§āώāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āĻ
āύā§āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϝā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻļāĻžāĻŽā§āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āĻā§āĻ āϏā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāϰā§āĻāϰ āύāĻŋāĻāϏā§āĻŦ āĻāĻāϤā§āĨ¤
The Text
To grass, or leaf, or fruit, or wall
āĻāĻžāϏ, āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻžāϤāĻž, āĻŦāĻž āĻĢāϞ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϰ
The snail sticks close, nor fears to fall
āĻļāĻžāĻŽā§āĻ āĻāĻžāĻāĻžāĻāĻžāĻāĻŋ āϞā§āĻā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§, āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§ āϝāĻžāĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž
As if he grew there, house and all,
āϝā§āύ āϏ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻŦā§āĻĄāĻŧā§ āĻāĻ ā§, āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ āϏāĻŦāĻāĻŋāĻā§,
Together.
āĻāĻāϏāĻžāĻĨā§āĨ¤
Within that house secure, he hides
āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§ āϏā§āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝā§āĻ āϏ⧠āϞā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§
When danger imminent betides
āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻĻ āϏāĻāĻāĻāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻāϝāĻŧāĻžÂ āϝāĻāύ āĻāϏāύā§āύ
Of storm, or other harm besides
āĻāĻĄāĻŧ-āĻāϰ, āĻŦāĻž āĻ āύā§āϝ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻ āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻā§āϤ āĻā§āώāϤāĻŋ
Of weather.
āĻāĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāϰāĨ¤
Give but his horns the slightest touch,
āϤāĻžāϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻā§ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžāύā§āϝ āϏā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻļ āĻāϰāϞā§,
His self-collecting powâr is such,
āĻāĻŽāύāĻŋ āϤāĻžāĻāϰ āϏā§āĻŦ-āϏāĻāĻā§āϰāĻšāĻŋāϤ āĻā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž,
He shrinks into his house with much
āϏ⧠āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖāϰā§āĻĒā§ āϤāĻžāĻāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ⧠āϏāĻā§āĻā§āĻāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ
Displeasure.
āĻŦāĻŋāϰāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĨ¤
Whereâer he dwells, he dwells alone,
āϏ⧠āϝā§āĻāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§, āϏā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āϏ⧠āĻāĻāĻžāĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§
Except himself has chatells none,
āύāĻŋāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻ āϧāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻā§āĻā§āϤ āĻĻā§āϰāĻŦā§āϝāϏāĻāϞ āϤāĻžāϰ āύāĻžāĻÂ
Well satisfied to be his own
āύāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āĻāĻžāĻā§ āϝāĻž āĻāĻŋāĻā§, āĻŦā§āĻļ āϏāύā§āϤā§āώā§āĻ
Whole treasure.
āĻĒā§āϰ⧠āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻĻ āĨ¤
Thus, hermit-like, his life he leads,
āĻāĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§, āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻāύāĻŦāĻžāϏ⧠āϏāύā§āύā§āϝāĻžāϏā§āϰ āĻŽāϤā§, āϤāĻžāĻāϰ āĻā§āĻŦāύ āϏ⧠āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϞāύāĻž āĻāϰā§,
Not partner of his banquet needs,
āϤāĻžāϰ āĻā§āĻāϏāĻāĻžāĻ°Â āϏāĻšāϝā§āĻā§ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻāύ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧ āύāĻž,
And if he meets one, only feeds
āĻāĻŦāĻ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϤāĻŦā§ āĻā§āĻŦāϞ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĒāĻžāϞāύ āĻāϰā§
The faster.
āĻĻā§āϰā§āϤāϤāϰ
Who seeks him must be worse than blind,
āϝ⧠āϤāĻžāĻā§ āĻ āĻŦāĻļā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϤ⧠āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ āύā§āϧā§āϰ āĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻ āĻāĻžāϰāĻžāĻĒ āĻšāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§,
(He and his house are so combined)
(āϏ⧠āĻāĻŦāĻ āϤāĻžāĻāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§ āĻāϤ āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻŋāύā§āύ)
If, finding it, he fails to findÂ
āϝāĻĻāĻŋ,āĻāĻāĻŋ āϏāύā§āϧāĻžāύ āĻāϰā§, āϏ⧠āĻā§āĻāĻā§ āĻĒā§āϤ⧠āĻŦā§āϝāϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāύ
It’s master.
āĻāϰ āĻāϰā§āϤāĻžāĨ¤