Lesson 8 : The Snail by William Cowper

The author and the text:

William Cowper (1731-1800) was one of the most popular poets of his time. Cowper changed the direction of 18th-century nature poetry by writing about the English countryside and the everyday lives of people. His famous works include Olney Hymns and The Task. The poem takes us into the private world of a snail, where it is seen to lead a self-sufficient life. We are allowed to observe, in minute detail, the small yet self-contained world in which a snail lives. 

āωāχāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āωāĻĒāĻžāϰ (ā§§ā§­ā§Šā§§-ā§§ā§Žā§Ļā§Ļ) āϤāĻžāρāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāϤāĻŽ āϜāύāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ⧇āύāĨ¤ āĻ•āωāĻĒāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻˇā§āϟāĻžāĻĻāĻļ āĻļāϤāĻžāĻŦā§āĻĻā§€āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻŽā§āĻ– āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ⧇āύ āχāĻ‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāĻŖā§āĻĄā§‡āϰ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻžā§āϚāϞ⧇āϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āώ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύ⧇āϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϞāĻŋāϖ⧇āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāρāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāϤ āϰāϚāύāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻ“āϞāύāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāχāĻŽāύāϏ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĻā§āϝ āϟāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻžāϟāĻŋ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻžāĻŽā§āϕ⧇āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ—āϤ āϜāĻ—āϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ• āĻŽāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻĻ⧇ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻžāĻŽā§āĻ• āĻŦāĻžāρāĻšā§‡ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϛ⧋āĻŸā§āϟ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āύāĻŋāϜāĻ¸ā§āĻŦ āϜāĻ—āϤ⧇āĨ¤

The Text

To grass, or leaf, or fruit, or wall

āϘāĻžāϏ, āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻžāϤāĻž, āĻŦāĻž āĻĢāϞ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻšā§€āϰ

The snail sticks close, nor fears to fall

āĻļāĻžāĻŽā§āĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ›āĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ›āĻŋ āϞ⧇āϗ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ­āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž

As if he grew there, house and all,

āϝ⧇āύ āϏ⧇ āϏ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āĻ“āϠ⧇, āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻŦāĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁,

Together.

āĻāĻ•āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇āĨ¤

Within that house secure, he hides

āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ⧇ āϏ⧇āχ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇āχ āϏ⧇ āϞ⧁āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇

When danger imminent betides

āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻĻ āϏāĻ‚āϘāϟāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžÂ  āϝāĻ–āύ āφāϏāĻ¨ā§āύ

Of storm, or other harm besides

āĻāĻĄāĻŧ-āĻāϰ, āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋ

Of weather.

āφāĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāϰāĨ¤

Give but his horns the slightest touch,

āϤāĻžāϰ āĻļāĻŋāϙ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ•āϰāϞ⧇,

His self-collecting pow’r is such,

āĻāĻŽāύāĻŋ āϤāĻžāρāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦ-āϏāĻ‚āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŋāϤ āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž,

He shrinks into his house with much

āϏ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āϤāĻžāρāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϏāĻ™ā§āϕ⧁āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ

Displeasure.

āĻŦāĻŋāϰāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĨ¤

Where’er he dwells, he dwells alone,

āϏ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇āχ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āϏ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϏ⧇ āĻāĻ•āĻžāχ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇

Except himself has chatells none,

āύāĻŋāĻœā§‡āϕ⧇ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰāϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĻā§āϰāĻŦā§āϝāϏāĻ•āϞ āϤāĻžāϰ āύāĻžāĻ‡Â 

Well satisfied to be his own

āύāĻŋāĻœā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϛ⧇ āϝāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁, āĻŦ⧇āĻļ āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁āĻˇā§āϟ

Whole treasure.

āĻĒ⧁āϰ⧋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻĻ āĨ¤

Thus, hermit-like, his life he leads,

āĻāχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϜāύāĻŦāĻžāϏ⧀ āϏāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāϏ⧀āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋, āϤāĻžāρāϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ āϏ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻžāϞāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇,

Not partner of his banquet needs,

āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ­ā§‹āϜāϏāĻ­āĻžāĻ°Â  āϏāĻšāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§€ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧ āύāĻž,

And if he meets one, only feeds

āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻŦāϞ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĒāĻžāϞāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇

The faster.

āĻĻā§āϰ⧁āϤāϤāϰ

Who seeks him must be worse than blind,

āϝ⧇ āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āϝ āĻĒ⧇āϤ⧇ āϚāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϧ⧇āϰ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ“ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻžāĻĒ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇,

(He and his house are so combined)

(āϏ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāρāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§€ āĻāϤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ)

If, finding it, he fails to find 

āϝāĻĻāĻŋ,āĻāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ¨ā§āϧāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āϏ⧇ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻĒ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻšāύ

It’s master.

āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāĨ¤

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