Introduction

Sex determination in humans is a biological process that decides whether a baby will be a male (boy) or female (girl).
This process is entirely genetic and primarily depends on the chromosome contributed by the father.
In this article, we will explore how sex is determined in humans and what role the father plays in this natural process.

 Role of Chromosomes in Sex Determination

• Humans have 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs.
  
• Out of these, 22 pairs are called autosomes, which determine general body features.
  
• The 23rd pair is the sex chromosomes, which are responsible for determining the gender of the child.

There are two types of sex chromosomes:

1. X chromosome
   
2. Y chromosome

• Females have: XX (two X chromosomes)
  
• Males have: XY (one X and one Y chromosome)

 The Process of Sex Determination During Fertilization

In human reproduction, both parents contribute genetic material through the ovum (egg) and sperm:

• The mother’s egg always carries an X chromosome.
• The father’s sperm can carry either an X or a Y chromosome.

What happens during fertilization:

• If an X-carrying sperm fertilizes the egg → the resulting combination is XX = Female child
  
• If a Y-carrying sperm fertilizes the egg → the resulting combination is XY = Male child

 Why Is the Father Responsible for Determining the Sex of the Child?

• The mother (XX) can only contribute an X chromosome, so she has no influence on the sex of the child.
  
• The father (XY) produces two types of sperm:
  • X-carrying sperm
    
  • Y-carrying sperm
    
• There is a 50% chance that the sperm carries an X chromosome
• There is a 50% chance it carries a Y chromosome.Therefore, the child’s sex is entirely dependent on the type of sperm from the father—this is a natural and biological process.

🔹 Conclusion

The sex of a human child is determined genetically, and the father’s role is decisive in this process.
Despite the misconceptions in some parts of society, scientific research clearly proves:

The chromosome carried by the father’s sperm is what determines the child’s sex.

Hence, instead of blaming or favoring one parent based on the child’s gender, it is important to accept the scientific reality and spread awareness.